| 项目 | 内容 |
|---|
| 题型 | Agree/Disagree（观点类） |
| 话题 | 科技类 - 太空探索 |
| 关键词 | space exploration, waste of money, urgent needs |
| 考察能力 | 权衡长期科学投资与短期社会需求 |
【开头段】
├── 让步：pressing problems exist
├── 转折：disagree with "waste"
└── 立场预告：yields benefits that justify cost
【主体段1 - 承认反方】
├── 引出：Critics argue...
├── 具体化：poverty, water, healthcare
├── 情感吸引力：morally questionable
└── 伏笔：oversimplifies
【主体段2 - 核心反驳】
├── 转折：In reality
├── 论点：substantial returns on investment
├── 证据1：具体技术转化（GPS等）
├── 证据2：气候监测
├── 证据3：就业和创新
└── 总结：dividends exceed investment
【主体段3 - 人文价值】
├── 升华：fundamental human need
├── 历史类比：ocean voyages
└── 反面论证：impoverish civilisation
【结尾段】
├── 重申：balanced approach
├── 服务谁：humanity in the long run
└── 重新框架：not whether, but how
| 词汇/短语 | 含义 | 用法示例 |
|---|
| pressing problems | 紧迫的问题 | many pressing problems demand attention |
| morally questionable | 道德上可疑的 | it seems morally questionable to... |
| substantial returns | 可观的回报 | generated substantial returns on investment |
| dividends | 红利/回报 | economic and intellectual dividends |
| impoverish | 使贫乏 | impoverish our civilisation |
| shortsighted | 短视的 | would be shortsighted |
| the drive to explore | 探索的动力 | curiosity and the drive to explore |
这些表达可以用于其他类似话题：
| 原句 | 可迁移到 |
|---|
| "yields benefits that justify its considerable cost" | 任何需要论证投资回报的话题 |
| "the long-term dividends far exceed the initial investment" | 教育投资、基础设施、科研经费 |
| "expanding our horizons has been central to human progress" | 全球化、文化交流、学术自由 |
| "limiting ourselves to immediate concerns would impoverish..." | 任何短期vs长期的讨论 |
| "a balanced approach serves humanity best" | 需要提出折中方案的话题 |
